2024-0317-2239 50 Camera Mistakes

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L-Origin

• Real-time cameras

  • Mark Haigh-Hutchinson

• Cameras divert attention

  • Purpose of cameras is focus on other things

• Beyond cinematography

  • Players need to make spatial judgements
  • Can't predict situations
    • Software chooses angles instead of designers
  • Learn and formalize cinematography to teach it to the software - gamatography

• Camera distances

  • Fixed-angle 3rd
    • 很远
  • Dynamic 3rd
  • 1rd
    • 很近
    • Avatar 永远不会丢失
      

• Error 1 using a dynamic camera when another approach would work
  

• Error 2 designing levels and camera behaviors that don't match
  

• Error 3 using global coordinates or quaternions to persist the camera state
  

  • 第三人称应该以 avatar 为中心

• Error 4 Using a default camera distance that's likely to break line-of-sight
  

• Error 5 Allowing obstacles to break line-of-sight from the side
  

  • 电影工业有一个 30 度角原则
    
  • 早点利用 raycast 来检测躲避

• Error 6 pushing away from an obstacle while the player is trying to swing towards it
  

  • 应该永远尊重玩家决策
  • 可以让镜头拉近，来尊重玩家意图同时避免镜头碰撞

• Error 7 letting the player push the camera inside and obstacle
  

• Error 8 letting independent forces compete to push the camera
  

• Error 9 Excessively moving the camera to prevent unimportant items from breaking line-of-sight
  

  • 标记那些可以打破 line-of-sight 的部分，并允许镜头不再绕过它们
  • 其实也可以将前面的遮挡物半透明

• Error 10 letting the camera intersect narrow columns
  

• Error 11 Interpreting a hill as a wall to be avoided.
  

• Error 12: Swinging the camera sideways when occluders come from behind.
  

• Error 13: Letting the camera's near-clipping-plane intersect the avatar.
  

  • 可以让玩家碰撞和边界碰撞足够大

• Error 14: Using the same camera distance for all angles.
  

• Error 15: Using the same field-of-view for worm's eye angles and standard angles.
  

• Error 16: Shifting pitch, distance, and field-of-view independently.
  

• Error 17: Not cutting when the avatar passes through opaque objects.
  

• Error 18: Letting cuts remap directional controls.

  • 镜头切换后需要重新适配方向控制
    

• Error 19: Breaking the player's sense of direction.

  • 需要留点前个场景熟悉的东西，以防止玩家丢失方向感
    

• Error 20: Violating the 180 degree rule.
  

• Error 21: Focusing only on the avatar.
  

• Error 22: Relying on players to control the camera all the time.
  

• Error 23: Leaving the camera yaw alone while the player is running.
  

• Error 24: Making it hard to judge distances,
  

• Error 25: Looking straight ahead as the avatar approaches a cliff.
  

• Error 26. Keeping the camera level when the avatar is running on a slope.
  

• Error 27. Misusing the "Rule of thirds 三分法".
  
  

• Error 28. Using the same logic for ground and air motion.
  

• Error 29. Relying entirely on procedural camera behaviors.
  

• Error 30. Letting players make themselves lost and confused.
  

• Error 31. Rotating excessively to look at nearby targets.
  

• Error 32. Translating to look at distance targets.
  

• Error 33. Letting the avatar's own body occlude targets ahead.
  

• Error 34. Giving the player control over the camera, and then taking it away.
  

• Error 35. Immediately applying a camera hint after the player finished turning the camera to look at something.
  

• Error 36. Not letting experts explore.
  

• Error 37. Not providing inverted controls.
  

• Error 38. Responding to accidental controller input.
  

• Error 39. Using linear sensitivity.
  

• Error 40. Letting the camera pivot drift too far.
  

• Error 41. Using a too small field-of-view.
  

• Error 42. Rapidly shifting field-of-view.
  

• Error 43. Excessively shaking the camera.
  

• Error 44. Bouncing the camera with the avatar's walk cycle.

  • 脚步的上下震动，很容易触发晕动症
  • 提供选项来让玩家选择是否开启
    

• Error 45. Translating or rotating up and down when the avatar jumps.

  • 落地再转换
    

• Error 46. Rapidly transitioning to a new camera position.
  

• Error 47. Maintaining pitch speed until hitting the pitch limit.
  

• Error 48. Developing for the Oculus Rift as the primary camera method.
  

• Error 49. Testing with a narrow demographic.
  

• Error 50. Writing a general "constraint solver" that optimizes for the camera.
  
  

L-My Words

L-Zotero citation key

https://gdcvault.com/play/1020460/50-Camera

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